Pump head requirement: Closed vs Open loop • Physics Forums
2014年5月14日 · In a closed loop system, the pump's head requirement is indeed lower than in an open loop system, assuming equal pipe friction losses. The static head in a closed loop can …
Open vs. Closed System: Putnam's Definition - Physics Forums
2006年7月14日 · Putnam's assertion that "every ordinary open system realizes every abstract finite automaton" raises questions about the definitions of open and closed systems in …
Standing waves - which instruments are closed-closed, open …
2010年12月15日 · In determining whether an instrument is closed-closed, open-open, or closed-open, it is essential to consider the ends of the instrument. Stringed instruments are closed at …
Open loop vs Closed loop Transfer Functions - Physics Forums
2014年10月19日 · The discussion centers around the differences between open-loop and closed-loop transfer functions, specifically how poles are affected when transitioning from one to the …
Is the universe an open or a closed system? - Physics Forums
2008年9月13日 · A closed system is isolated from external influences, while an open system can exchange energy with its environment. If the universe is infinite, it could be argued that it is …
Coffee cup, bomb calorimeter: Open, closed, or isolated?
2014年12月2日 · A coffee cup is typically considered a closed system because it allows energy transfer but not mass transfer, despite some evaporation of steam or coffee being negligible. …
In a closed system does pressure vary with elevation?
2011年5月13日 · In a closed piping system, pressure at the top is generally lower than at the bottom due to hydrostatic pressure, which decreases by approximately 1 psi for every 2.31 …
Flow Work vs PdV Work: Is PdV Valid for Both Closed & Open …
2014年6月10日 · The discussion highlights that while flow work is valid for open systems, no other form of PdV work exists due to the immovable control surface. The conversation also touches …
Understanding the Difference Between Open and Closed Loop …
2005年10月11日 · Open-loop gain in control theory refers to systems that operate without feedback, relying on well-characterized inputs to predict outputs, such as the voltage to motor …
Determining if a pipe is open or closed from given the resonant ...
2014年11月30日 · The discussion centers on determining whether a pipe is open or closed based on its resonant frequencies of 540 Hz, 450 Hz, and 350 Hz. The key point is that the …