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Gross margin represents the amount of total sales revenue that a company retains after incurring the direct costs associated with producing the goods sold by the company.

Use Microsoft Excel to calculate EBITDA (earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization) profit margin.

The company reported a decline in gross profit margin due to increased tyre costs and competition from Chinese brands, affecting pricing strategies.

The company attributes this downturn to decreased gross profit, driven by increased smelting capacity and a tight supply of copper concentrate, resulting in lower revenue and profit margins.

The gap between the two measurements could offer a real-time look at the profit-margin pressures businesses face, according to Mark Hackett, chief market strategist at Nationwide.