In a recent preprint article by [Paul Bilokon] and [Burak Gunduz] of the Imperial College London the focus is specifically on low-latency patterns that are relevant for applications such as high ...

Frustrating user-experience tactics can have real harm, “dark pattern” expert says Website and app design strategies that trick users can cost consumers time and money, Harry Brignull says.

This is called 'dark patterns'. Dark patterns are a design strategy that deliberately confuses users, pushes them towards a decision, or takes them in a direction that is not in their interest.