Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has roots in dynamic programming and it is called adaptive/approximate dynamic programming (ADP) within the control community. This paper reviews recent ...

Abstract: Many commercial controller implementations for dc-dc converters are based on pulse-width modulation (PWM) and small-signal analysis. Increasing switching frequencies, linked in part to wide ...

President Marcos inspects a P55-million “ghost” river wall project in Brgy. Piel, Baliuag, Bulacan, on Aug. 20. (Photo by Marianne Bermudez) MANILA, Philippines — The revelations surrounding the ...