This brief presents ultra low-voltage CML D-latch and D-Flip-Flop (DFF) topologies in deeply scaled CMOS technologies, able to operate at a supply voltage as low as 0.5 V (no other CML DFFs are able ...

Random number generators (RNGs) are crucial in applications requiring unpredictable sequences, including cryptography, simulations, and gaming. Among the different types of RNGs, ring oscillator ...