Background Abnormal lung volumes that reflect air trapping are common in COPD. However, their significance in smokers with preserved spirometry (normal FEV1 to FVC ratio) is unclear. Methods Using the ...

Laurie J Smith, Helen Marshall, Demi Jakymelen, Alberto Biancardi, Guilhem J Collier, Ho-Fung Chan, Paul J C Hughes, Martin L Brook, Josh R Astley, Ryan Munro, Smitha Rajaram, Andrew J Swift, David ...

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis and is particularly relevant to people living ...

Background: In some patients chronic asthma results in irreversible airflow obstruction. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been advocated for assessing the structural changes in the ...

Background: Considerable research has been conducted into the nature of airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but the relationship between proximal airways inflammation ...

To determine whether asthma alone can cause irreversible airflow obstruction 42 men and 47 women with chronic asthma (mean duration 22 (SD 13) years) without evidence of other disease likely to cause ...

This document is the result of a joint initiative by the British Thoracic Society (BTS) and the Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland (SCTS) to produce detailed ...

Exacerbations of COPD are thought to be caused by complex interactions between the host, bacteria, viruses, and environmental pollution. These factors increase the inflammatory burden in the lower ...

Recommendations Long-term macrolide treatment could be offered to reduce exacerbations in those with high exacerbation rates (ie, 3 or more per year). (Strong) The dosing regimens with the greatest ...

Rationale Estimating the causal effect of an intervention at individual level, also called individual treatment effect (ITE), may help in identifying response prior to the intervention. Objectives We ...

Background Alveolar macrophages (AM) in COPD have fundamentally impaired responsiveness to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 ligands of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI). However, the ...

There is a need to re-evaluate the concept of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as separate conditions, and to consider situations when they may coexist, or when one condition ...