MS can affect all aspects of the afferent and efferent visual pathways. The most common cause of vision loss in patients with MS is optic neuritis.

The vestibular nerve (the eighth cranial nerve) is essential for regulating balance. Sensory structures in your inner ears detect head and body movement. The vestibular nerve carries that information ...

The pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by demyelination, which culminates in a reduction in axonal transmission. Axonal and neuronal degeneration seem to be concomitant ...

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease which, if untreated, often leads to cirrhosis, liver failure and death. Major advances were made in its management based on ...