Linear mixed models (LMMs) serve as a versatile statistical framework, combining fixed effects that capture the overall trends with random effects that account for variability across subjects, ...

This paper describes an extension of linear mixed models to allow for heterogeneous within-cluster variances in the analysis of clustered data. Unbiased estimating ...

It is traditionally assumed that the random effects in mixed models follow a multivariate normal distribution, making likelihood-based inferences more feasible theoretically and computationally.

Keywords: Statistical analyses. Regression models. Post-earthquake ignitions. Data analyses. California. Ground shaking. Generalized linear mixed models. Goodness-of ...