Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP), also referred to as a herniated disc, is a common spine pathology that occurs approximately 95% of the time at the L4-L5 or L5-S1 level (Fisher et al., 2004; Asch ...

L4, L5, S1, S2, and S3 are compressed, causing pain in the leg. Sciatica can be caused by any number of conditions, including ...

The most common symptom of herniated disc is extreme lower back pain (2). You may sense severe back pain or stinging sensation, especially in the lower back area as a result of this disc. Disc ...

An MRI scan revealed severe spinal canal stenosis at L3-L4 and L4-L5, as well as a herniated nucleus pulposus on the right at L5-S1 (Figs 11, 12). DC underwent a L3-L5 decompressive laminectomy ...

ENDOSCOPIC spine surgery is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat lumbar (lower back) disc prolapse (also known as a ...

This could potentially lead to a herniated disc. Hips rotate backward causing lengthened hip and lumbar extensors along with shortened hip flexors and abdominals. After long term exposure to this ...