Abstract: This letter analyzes the impact of a phase-locked loop (PLL) on small-signal stability in a system of interconnected grid-forming and grid-following (GFL) converters. It identifies an ...

Abstract: Grid-connected inverters (GCIs) operating in grid-following (GFL) mode may be unstable under weak grids with low short-circuit ratio (SCR). Improved GFL controls enhance the small-signal ...