This paper presents an 8-bit 1.25-ps resolution reconfigurable Vernier time-to-digital converter (TDC) with a 2-D spiral comparator array and ΔΣ modulators for linearization. The proposed spiral 2-D ...

For downward-looking linear array 3-D synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the azimuth and cross-track resolution are unacceptable due to the length limitation of synthetic aperture and linear array. Hence ...