Abstract: Suitably designed metasurfaces can introduce phase discontinuity to the transmitted or reflected electromagnetic waves. Consequently, the transmitting wave can bend anomalously in a desired ...

COGS is found between revenue and gross profit on income statements. Investors calculate COGS by summing direct costs of sold products or services. Understanding COGS helps assess a company's ...

Cost of equity calculates an asset's required return, aligning it with investment risk. It is determined using dividend capitalization or CAPM, providing a threshold for viable projects. This metric ...