What do pine cones and paintings have in common? A 13th century Italian mathematician named Leonardo of Pisa. Better known by his pen name, Fibonacci, he came up with a number sequence that keeps ...

A spruce cone is marked to highlight its fibonacci number sequence. That sequence, explained by 13th century Italian mathematician Fibonacci, plays out in plants — from pine cones to pineapples — and ...

A 3D model of a 407-million-year-old plant fossil has overturned thinking on the evolution of leaves. The research has also led to fresh insights about spectacular patterns found in plants. The ...

The Golden Ratio (GR), often denoted by the Greek letter phi (Φ), is a mathematical ratio commonly found in nature, art, and architecture. This irrational number, approximately equal to 1.618, has ...

Fibonacci cubes represent a fascinating class of graphs that emerge as subgraphs of the n-dimensional hypercube. Defined by the restriction to binary strings that avoid consecutive 1s, these graphs ...

The stable or robust transfer of matter, information, or energy, from one point in space to another is a crucial scientific and technological challenge. In 1983, Nobel laureate D. J. Thouless proposed ...

Life reconstruction of fossil Asteroxylon mackiei. Credit: Matt Humpage, Northern Rogue Studios A 3D model of a 407-million-year-old plant fossil has overturned thinking on the evolution of leaves.