Evidence for modularity of course varies depending on the level at which it is studied 9, and we provide examples from protein–protein interactions, gene regulation and variational modularity.

The generalized version of modularity for multilayer networks, a.k.a. multislice modularity, is characterized by two model parameters, namely resolution factor and inter-layer coupling factor. The ...

Complexity has been argued to limit operational efficiency, hinder decision-making and induce disruption in supply chain networks. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the architectural ...

This latest version of Java, due to arrive as a production release on September 16, has 18 features. JDK 25 comes on the heels of JDK 24, a six-month-support release that arrived March 18.