How can conflict transformation and mediation processes adequately address the interplay between religion and politics? This question is at the heart of our Culture and Religion in Mediation program ...

Marc Werner is a PhD Candidate at the Center for Security Studies (CSS) at ETH Zurich. His project focuses on the interactions between multiple mediators engaged in the management and resolution of ...

Reports and information disclosures by threat intelligence providers, government agencies, think tanks, and online hacktivists have exposed China’s elaborate multifaceted “hack-for-hire” ecosystem ...

Recent revelations of Chinese government-backed hacking show a recurring pattern: prominent hackers behind groups such as APT17, APT27, APT41, Flax Typhoon, and Red Hotel—monikers given by ...

At the NATO Summit in Wales nearly a decade ago, NATO recognized that cyber defense is an inseparable part of collective defense. Therefore, a cyberattack against one or more member states can trigger ...

In response to Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine, the Federal Council took a clear stance in late February 2022, condemning the breach of international law “in the strongest possible terms” ...

From the buildup of Russian tanks along the Ukrainian border to images of destruction raging through cities and villages, we all watched the war in Ukraine unfold with images from the sky. When Russia ...

Historically, discussions on cyber conflict have primarily centered on the involvement of state-sponsored or affiliated groups. Yet, the growing prominence of criminal actors – specifically, ...

This book tries to answer the following seven questions: ...

This chapter addresses the types of cyber operations that were conducted against the space sector as well as the types of space entities that have been targeted by threat actors in the context of the ...

"Contact Theory" is a robust academic theory showing that contact between groups typically reduces prejudice and improves intergroup relations. Originally developed in the field of social psychology ...

What do shifting power dynamics, the rise of global revisionism, and low-boil conflicts mean for national security? What are the gaps between the U.S. perspective and a European one? These questions ...