Mypy, Pytype, Pyright, and Pyre can help you keep your type-hinted Python code bug-free. Let’s see what each of these useful tools has to offer.

The pip3 reflects that I'm using Python 3, rather than Python 2. And the -U option indicates that I'd like to upgrade my installation of mypy, if the package has been updated since I last installed it ...

This half-month report includes a way to add type hints automatically to untyped Python code, getting started with Django 5, and a deep dive into CPython garbage collection and memory management.