Panama exhibits high income inequality largely driven by disparities between regions rather than within them. The Panama Canal corridor, including Panama City and Colón, benefits from concentrated ...

A strong growth rebound in 2024 was driven by external demand and ample liquidity conditions. Real GDP expanded by 5 percent on the back of robust exports and strong credit growth in the first half of ...

On September 8, 2025, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded the Article IV consultation with Vietnam. The authorities need more time to consider the publication of the ...

On September 5, 2025, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) completed the Article IV Consultation for Mongolia ...

The resource boom is weakening and downside risks to the outlook are rising. In 2023-24, record-high coal exports and robust household and government spending led to buoyant economic activity which, ...

The Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) completed the Article IV Consultation for Belize. The authorities have consented to the publication of the Staff Report prepared for this ...

Growth is expected to be subdued in the near term before converging to its potential of 2 percent over the medium term, as tourism growth slows, reflecting capacity constraints, and commodity prices ...

The Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) approved the Zambian authorities’ request for a three-month extension of the country’s Extended Credit Facility (ECF) Arrangement until ...

The paper documents recent changes in trade flow dynamics between Mexico, the U.S. and China, focusing on the period around 2017-2023. Using product-level bilateral trade data, the paper studies ...

The Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded the Article IV consultation with Djibouti and ...

An International Monetary Fund (IMF) mission, led by Joong Shik Kang, conducted discussions for the 2025 Article IV Consultation with Romania during September 3-12.

This paper revisits labor tax wedge issues in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) in light of recent changes to minimum wages and ...