An RC circuit in series with the coil allows full-current turn-on for reliable relay operation, then reduces the current to save power. Fellow engineer Sanjay R. Chendvankar of Mumbai, India, recently ...

Safety is a major concern in a good many motor-driven applications. This is true in industrial applications where motion starts when power is applied and especially true when power is restored after ...

Relays usually are driven using optocouplers, which offer isolation between analog and digital grounds to ensure that switching currents in the relay coils do not affect the noise margin of the ...

Figure 1 A series diode protects systems from reverse polarity but wastes power in diode losses. Figure 2 You can use a bridge rectifier so that your system works no matter what the input polarity is.

Over my almost 60 years in the auto repair industry as an ASE and GM Master Technician, and vocational education automotive technology instructor, I have seen firsthand how vehicles have evolved from ...

When it comes to electronics, it seems like a relay is such a simple device – yet, it is able to interface some pretty elaborate high-end systems with a fire alarm system. Working with relays is an ...

H. GREINACHER 1 has described a valuable method for counting and particles by means of a spark-gap. A water-jet that is turned by the electrostatic forces between i and a pointed electrode allows an ...