Among these, shortest path queries are instrumental in identifying the most efficient routes within a network, thereby reducing cost, time and resource consumption.

The Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is a metaheuristic nature-inspired technique for solving various combinatorial optimization problems. The shortest-path problem is an important ...

This paper considers a stochastic shortest path problem where the arc lengths are independent random variables following a normal distribution. In this problem, the optimal path is one that maximizes ...