Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP), also referred to as a herniated disc, is a common spine pathology that occurs approximately 95% of the time at the L4-L5 or L5-S1 level (Fisher et al., 2004; Asch ...
ENDOSCOPIC spine surgery is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat lumbar (lower back) disc prolapse (also known as a ...
The most common symptom of herniated disc is extreme lower back pain (2). You may sense severe back pain or stinging sensation, especially in the lower back area as a result of this disc. Disc ...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used to measure the size of their lumbar disc herniations before and after the treatment ...
The study was performed as part of a multicentre randomised controlled trial on the treatment effect of caudal epidural injections. [19] Eligible patients with suspected chronic lumbar ...