To sketch the graph of a polar equation a good first step is to sketch the graph in the Cartesian coordinate system. This will give a way to visualize how r changes with θ.

Which type of conic section does this polar equation represent: Parabola, ellipse, or hyperbola? Show that the polar equation implies the following equation in Cartesian coordinates: ...

Techniques such as the conversion of polar measurements to Cartesian coordinates and the incorporation of intermediate transition states have significantly enhanced the filter’s performance ...