Later, I helped a friend disassemble a Tesla model, and the mass of circuit boards inside was overwhelming—until I drew 5 diagrams that clarified how the motor controller works. Honestly, even friends ...

We all know, at least intellectually, that our computers are all built with lots of tiny transistors. But beyond that it’s a little hard to describe. They’re printed on a silicon wafer … ...

The classic transistor amplifier circuit then has a pair of resistors in series between supply and ground, forming a potential divider that gives the base its bias.